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What is the oldest
Religion?
Some
people claim that witchcraft is the oldest religion
and has survived through family traditions for thousands
of years.
To
make such a statement of any religion that has endured
since Paleolithic times and in its pure form, seems
to be highly improbable. This is not to say it couldn't
have happened, but it is not essential for someone
who wants to believe. It is more likely that religion
by its nature has changed, evolved and integrated
over time. That would make the mainstream religions
of today amalgamated versions.
Others
claim that witchcraft is a revival of the "Old
Ways." My question is: What "old ways"
would that be?
Man
has walked on this earth for longer than before
recorded history. Even the archaeologists know very
little about the cultural beliefs and practices
of early man. We assume that they had some sort
of transcendent belief because of the manner in
which they buried their dead.
It
is not until the agricultural developments around
10,000 BCE that man begins to have a sense of cultural
identity. As mankind started living in large groups,
it is highly probable that the rudiments of what
we, today, call "religion" began to formulate.
This is not to say there weren't belief structures
before societal man.
Currently,
there is no evidence to support that witchcraft
existed as a religion during these times; in contrast
there is no evidence to support that it didn't.
Nevertheless, we lack precise knowledge of their
philosophies, practices and beliefs. It is only
supposition.
There
is another problem. Whatever beliefs, theories and
ideas we have of early history are based solely
on archaeological finds. Archaeology is not an exact
science! With each discovery an archaeologist will
fill in the missing pieces of history by "connecting
the dots." Each rendition of history will be
different and biased according to its author.
Then
there is also the issue of terminology and classification.
When defining a word or concept, one must take into
consideration the subjective nature of the definition.
This is particularly true when trying to apply a
meaning to an ancient cultural concept from a twentieth
century standpoint. What constitutes a religion
-in Paleolithic Age, -in the Bronze Age, -or even
today? What exactly is witchcraft? What are the
elements that define it? Is Sorcery the same as
witchcraft? Furthermore, how do we distinguish witchcraft
from other religions that may contain these same
characteristics?
My
conclusion is that witchcraft of today is most likely
unrelated to whatever similar social and cultural
structure that may have existed in ancient times.
Also, the ancientness of a religion should have no
reflection on its viability or plausibility. Being
the oldest religion does not make it better than other
religions, or any "truer" than any other
spiritual path.
So;
"what is the Oldest Religion?"
Every
religion today most likely has some aspect of an
ancient belief in its philosophy or practice, but
to say that one particular religion is the oldest
is naive. The reality is-- we do not know. We have
no basis for comparison. Most reference books list
Hinduism as the oldest world religion. This is probably
because Hinduism has the oldest recorded roots,
which lie in Dravidianism. Dravidianism is estimated
to have been practiced around 6,000 to 3,000 BCE
and as such predates the Sumerian, Egyptian, and
Babylonian cultures.
Final
thought: If one really thinks about it; isn't agnosticism
the oldest spiritual structure? After all--are we
born believing in a god, -or anything for that matter?
Notes:
A History of Witchcraft —Jeffrey
B. Russell
Drawing Down the Moon — Margot Adler
The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions
Encyclopedia Britannica Magic, Witchcraft,
and Religion; An Anthropological Study of the Supernatural
—A.C. Lehmann & J. E. Myers.
A History of Pagan Europe —Prudence
Jones and Nigel Pennick
The Evolution of a World Religion: Origins of
Modern Witchcraft —Ann Moura
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